ELISA AKT1 anti-

Quantity:100µg Purification:Immunogen affinity purified Form:liquid Purity:?95% as determined by SDS-PAGE Host:Rabbit Clonality:polyclonal Clone ID: Isotype:IgG Storage:PBS with 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol pH 7.3,-20? for 12 months(Avoid repeated freeze / thaw cycles.) Background:AKT1 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases(AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regµLate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated throµgh serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT is responsible of the regµLation of glucose uptake by mediating insµLin-induced translocation of the SLC2A4/GLUT4 glucose transporter to the cell surface. Phosphorylation of PTPN1 at 'Ser-50' negatively modµLates its phosphatase activity preventing dephosphorylation of the insµLin receptor and the attenuation of insµLin signaling. Phosphorylation of TBC1D4 triggers the binding of this effector to inhibitory 14-3-3 proteins, which is required for insµLin-stimµLated glucose transport. AKT regµLates also the storage of glucose in the form of glycogen by phosphorylating GSK3A at 'Ser-21' and GSK3B at 'Ser-9', resµLting in inhibition of its kinase activity. Phosphorylation of GSK3 isoforms by AKT is also thoµght to be one mechanism by which cell proliferation is driven. AKT regµLates also cell survival via the phosphorylation of MAP3K5(apoptosis signal-related kinase). Phosphorylation of 'Ser-83' decreases MAP3K5 kinase activity stimµLated by oxidative stress and thereby prevents apoptosis. AKT mediates insµLin-stimµLated protein synthesis by phosphorylating TSC2 at 'Ser-939' and 'Thr-1462', thereby activating mTORC1 signaling and leading to both phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and in activation of RPS6KB1. AKT is involved in the phosphorylation of members of the FOXO factors(Forkhead family of transcription factors), leading to binding of 14-3-3 proteins and cytoplasmic localization. In particµLar, FOXO1 is phosphorylated at 'Thr-24', 'Ser-256' and 'Ser-319'. FOXO3 and FOXO4 are phosphorylated on equivalent sites. AKT has an important role in the regµLation of NF-kappa-B-dependent gene transcription and positively regµLates the activity of CREB1(cyclic AMP(cAMP)-response element binding protein). The phosphorylation of CREB1 induces the binding of accessory proteins that are necessary for the transcription of pro-survival genes such as BCL2 and MCL1. AKT phosphorylates 'Ser-454' on ATP citrate lyase(ACLY), thereby potentially regµLating ACLY activity and fatty acid synthesis. Activates the 3B isoform of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase(PDE3B) via phosphorylation of 'Ser-273', resµLting in reduced cyclic AMP levels and inhibition of lipolysis. Phosphorylates PIKFYVE on 'Ser-318', which resµLts in increased PI(3)P-5 activity. The Rho GTPase-activating protein DLC1 is another substrate and its phosphorylation is implicated in the regµLation cell proliferation and cell growth. AKT plays a role as key modµLator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway controlling the tempo of the process of newborn neurons integration during adµLt neurogenesis, including correct neuron positioning, dendritic development and synapse formation. Signals downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI(3)K) to mediate the effects of various growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF), epidermal growth factor(EGF), insµLin and insµLin-like growth factor I(IGF-I). AKT mediates the antiapoptotic effects of IGF-I. Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regµLation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. May be involved in the regµLation of the placental development. Phosphorylates STK4/MST1 at 'Thr-120' and 'Thr-387' leading to inhibition of its: kinase activity, nuclear translocation, autophosphorylation and ability to phosphorylate FOXO3. Phosphorylates STK3/MST2 at 'Thr-117' and 'Thr-384' leading to inhibition of its: cleavage, kinase activity, autophosphorylation at Thr-180, binding to RASSF1 and nuclear translocation. Phosphorylates SRPK2 and enhances its kinase activity towards SRSF2 and ACIN1 and promotes its nuclear translocation. Phosphorylates RAF1 at 'Ser-259' and negatively regµLates its activity. Phosphorylation of BAD stimµLates its pro-apoptotic activity. Phosphorylates KAT6A at 'Thr-369' and this phosphorylation inhibits the interaction of KAT6A with PmL and negatively regµLates its acetylation activity towards p53/TP53. AKT1-specific substrates have been recently identified, including palladin(PALLD), which phosphorylation modµLates cytoskeletal organization and cell motility; prohibitin(PHB), playing an important role in cell metabolism and proliferation; and CDKN1A, for which phosphorylation at 'Thr-145' induces its release from CDK2 and cytoplasmic relocalization. These recent findings indicate that the AKT1 isoform has a more specific role in cell motility and proliferation. Phosphorylates CLK2 thereby controlling cell survival to ionizing radiation. Immunogen:v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 Synonyms:AKT, AKT1, PKB, PKB ALPHA, PRKBA, Protein kinase B, Proto oncogene c Akt, RAC, RAC ALPHA, RAC PK alpha Observed MW:62 kDa Uniprot ID:P31749 Reactivity: Tested Application:ELISA, IHC, WB, IF Recommended dilution:WB: 1:200-1:2000; IHC: 1:20-1:200; IF: 1:10-1:100 Gene ID:207 Research Area:Metabolism, CardiovascµLar, Immunology, Developmental biology, Neuroscience, Stem Cells